20 Aug 2015
IDE中这么做：图形界面，此处不赘述
pdb：详细安装和操作见后面ipdb，ipdb就是一个pdb的’ipython’版本
ipdb exports functions to access the IPython debugger, which features tab completion, syntax highlighting, better tracebacks, better introspection with the same interface as the pdb module.
pip安装方法，pip install ipdb
源码安装方法 下载ipdb 源码
python setup.py
python -m ipdb module.pypython
>>> import ipdb
>>> ipdb.run(statement)
3. 程序中增加断点
python
# python get_tree_dir.py
> /root/python/homework/_7th_1/get_tree_dir.py(26)<module>()
25 import ipdb;ipdb.set_trace()
---> 26 system('rm -f filepath_info.txt')
27 with open('filepath_info.txt', 'a') as f:
ipdb> where
> /root/python/homework/_7th_1/get_tree_dir.py(26)<module>()
24 data = sorted(data, cmp=lambda x, y: cmp(len(x[0]), len(y[0])))
25 import ipdb;ipdb.set_trace()
---> 26 system('rm -f filepath_info.txt')
27 with open('filepath_info.txt', 'a') as f:
28 f.write('/root/python/homework\n')
## 'import ipdb;ipdb.set_trace()'来制作人为断点
h -> help #help来查看所有操作 s --> step in n -> next c -> continue r -> return 继续执行直到函数返回 w -> where 展示当前位置，调用栈 l -> list l 50 显示某一行前后的代码 u -> up 跳到上一层调用 q -> quit 退出
https://docs.python.org/2/library/pdb.html
1、解法1
#!/usr/bin/python # coding=utf-8 '''get the path info and put it into a file''' import os import subprocess def cmd(command): process = subprocess.Popen( args=command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True ) return process.communicate()[0] if __name__ == '__main__': path = '/root/python/homework' cmdline = 'tree ' + path result = cmd(cmdline) os.system('rm -f filepath_info_2.txt') with open('filepath_info_2.txt', 'a') as f: f.write(result)
1、解法2
#!/usr/bin/python '''get the path info and put it into a file''' import glob from os import walk, system def path_structure(path): result = {} for dirname, subdirs, filenames in walk(path): result[dirname] = filenames result[dirname].extend(subdirs) for subdir in subdirs: if not glob.glob(path+subdir) == []: result[subdir] = glob.glob(path+subdir) return result if __name__ == '__main__': path = "/root/python/homework" data = path_structure(path).items() data = sorted(data, cmp=lambda x, y: cmp(len(x[0]), len(y[0]))) import ipdb;ipdb.set_trace() system('rm -f filepath_info.txt') with open('filepath_info.txt', 'a') as f: f.write('/root/python/homework\n') for i in range(len(data)): f.write('\t|-- %s\n' % data[i][0]) for j in range(len(data[i][1])): f.write('\t|\t|-- %s\n' % data[i][1][j])
3、答案
'''Analysis the number of code lines and annotation lines of *.py file in current folder ''' import os import re import sys def get_file_list(dir_path): file_result = [] all_file = [x for x in os.listdir(dir_path) if os.path.isfile(x)] for f in all_file: fname, ext = os.path.splitext(f) if ext == '.py': file_result.append(f) return file_result def get_analysis_info(fname): analysis_result = {"Annotation": 0, "Code": 0, "Total": 0, "Spaces": 0} with open(fname) as f: flag = [0] for line in f: if flag[0] == 0: if re.search('^\s*$', line): analysis_result["Spaces"] += 1 elif re.search(r'^\s*("""|\'\'\')', line): if re.search(r'^\s*("""|\'\'\').*("""|\'\'\')$', line): analysis_result["Annotation"] += 1 else: flag[0] += 1 elif re.search('\s+#', line): analysis_result["Annotation"] += 1 if not re.search('^\s*#', line): analysis_result["Code"] += 1 else: analysis_result["Code"] += 1 elif re.search(r'^.*("""|\'\'\')\s*$', line): analysis_result["Annotation"] += flag[0] + 1 flag[0] = 0 else: flag[0] += 1 analysis_result["Total"] += 1 return analysis_result def get_path(): try: sys.argv[1] except IndexError as e: print "Error: you must assign a PATH!", e sys.exit(0) return sys.argv[1] if __name__ == '__main__': dir_path = get_path() file_list = get_file_list(dir_path) for fname in file_list: a_result = get_analysis_info(fname).items() p_result = ['\t%10s : %-d' % (k, v) for k, v in a_result] print '\t----------------------------' print '\t%10s : %-s\n' % ('Filename', fname) for i in p_result: print i
阳哥答案
# coding:utf-8 import argparse import os parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='statistics the number of lines of code') parser.add_argument('-p', '--path', default='.', dest='dirpath', type=str, help='设定路径') parser.add_argument('-l', '--language', default='python', dest='lang', type=str, help='输入你想统计的语言，支持: python, ruby, c, java, 注：可以输入多个用英文逗号分隔') parser.add_argument('-d', '--depth', default=1, dest='depth', type=int, help='想要遍历的深度, 默认是1') LANG_POSTFIX = { 'python': '.py', 'java': '.java', 'ruby': '.rb', 'c': '.c' } def collect_files(path, depth): """ 收集所有的文件，包含路径 """ list_files = [] def recurse_dir(_path, _depth): if _depth < 1: return None for d in os.listdir(_path): full_path = os.path.join(_path, d) if os.path.isfile(full_path): list_files.append(full_path) else: recurse_dir(full_path, _depth-1) recurse_dir(path, depth) return list_files def statics_by_lang(lang, files): result = {} postfix = LANG_POSTFIX.get(lang) if not postfix: return None real_files = filter(lambda x: x.endswith(postfix), files) for file_name in real_files: result[file_name] = parse_file(file_name) return result def parse_file(file_name): comment_count = 0 # 测试注释 code_count = 0 blank_count = 0 t = "####" with open(file_name) as f: multi_flag = False multi_count = 0 for line in f: line = line.strip('\n').strip() if not multi_flag and is_comment(line): comment_count += 1 elif not multi_flag and (line.startswith("'''") or line.startswith('"""')): multi_flag = True if len(line) > 3: multi_count += 1 elif multi_flag and (line.endswith("'''") or line.endswith('"""')): if len(line) > 3: multi_count += 1 multi_flag = False comment_count += multi_count multi_count = 0 elif multi_flag and line: multi_count += 1 elif line == '': # 处理空行 blank_count += 1 else: # 剩余的就是有效代码 code_count += 1 return comment_count, blank_count, code_count def is_comment(line): """ 判断是否为注释行: 规则： 1. 以#开头 2. 结尾注释有 # ，并且不是被写在字符串中的 """ if line.startswith('#'): return True if '#' in line: line = line.rsplit('#', 1)[-1] if '\'' not in line and '\"' not in line: return True return False def main(): args = parser.parse_args() files = collect_files(args.dirpath, args.depth) results = statics_by_lang(args.lang.lower(), files) for file_name, value in results.items(): print file_name print '\t注释: %s, 空行:%s, 代码行数:%s' % value sum_values = zip(*results.values()) print '总计:' print '\t注释:%s, 空行:%s, 代码行数:%s' % tuple(map(sum, sum_values)) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
MODULE: 'argparse' - CLASS: 'ArgumentParser'vi argp.py ************************************ import argparse parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() parser.add_argument("square", type=int, help="square an int") args = parser.parse_args() print args.square**2 ************************************ python argp.py -h usage: argp.py [-h] spuare positional arguments: spuare square an int python argp.py 4 16